During his visit to Poland on July 8, 2024, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky signed an agreement with Prime Minister Donald Tusk on cooperation in security.
The agreement is part of a trend of Ukraine concluding bilateral agreements on security cooperation, which Ukraine signs with Western countries that support it. In total, Ukraine has already signed 24 such agreements, among the most important are agreements with the U.S., Canada, Great Britain, Germany, France, Japan, and Italy.
The document is intended to complement and concretize the provisions of the G7 Joint Declaration on Support for Ukraine, adopted in July 2023, to which Poland acceded.
The agreement contains provisions for Poland’s continued support for Ukraine’s defence against Russian aggression, as well as long-term military, political and financial support. However, it is more in the nature of a political declaration than concrete commitments.
Poland has pledged to continue training, at its own expense or under European Union programs, Ukrainian military personnel in Poland. The military support also concerns the handover of more MIG-29 fighter jets.
Among the most controversial provisions is the Polish commitment to fund the training and arming of Ukrainian citizens residing in Poland. A very controversial provision is also the willingness to discuss the possibility of intercepting Russian missiles and drones heading in the direction of Poland while still over Ukrainian territory.
At the same time, all these commitments are described in very general and unspecific language, which, unfortunately, leaves a lot of room for free interpretation. It should be emphasized that the very one-sided nature of the concluded agreement provides for various commitments from Poland to Ukraine.
At the same time, however, there is a lack of any Ukrainian commitments regarding, for example, Poland’s participation in the reconstruction of Ukraine.
Some prominent members of the Polish opposition drew attention to the Polish government’s failure to follow the procedure for ratifying the agreement, as stipulated in the Polish constitution.
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